Theoretically, 2 GB is the maximum size of a database file, so if you had just one table in the database, that would do it.

From ChatGPT:

Yes, Microsoft Access has a limit on how many records you can have in one table. The limit depends on the version of Access you are using and the amount of available system resources.

In Access 2019, the maximum number of records you can have in a table is 2 billion. However, this limit is dependent on the amount of available disk space, memory, and other system resources.

It's important to note that having a large number of records in a single table can have an impact on the performance of your database. It's generally a good practice to split your data into multiple tables using relational database design principles. This can help to improve performance and make your database easier to manage.

From Bing:

According to Microsoft Support, there is no specific limit on the number of records in an Access database. The maximum file size of an Access database file is 2 GB, and the maximum size for any individual table within a database is 1 GB. The maximum size of a single record within a table is 2 KB (excluding memo fields and OLE object fields). So if all records are maxed out, a table could hold 1 GB/2 KB ~ 524288 records.

From Bard:

The maximum number of records in a Microsoft Access table is 2 gigabytes, minus the space needed for system objects. However, you can work around this size limitation by linking to tables in other Access databases. You can link to tables in multiple database files, each of which can be as large as 2GB.

Here are some things to keep in mind when working with large tables:

The larger the table, the longer it will take to open and close.
You may experience performance issues when working with large tables.
You may need to use a different data storage solution if you need to store more than 2GB of data.
If you are working with a large table, you may want to consider using a different data storage solution, such as Microsoft SQL Server. SQL Server is a relational database management system (RDBMS) that can store much more data than Access. SQL Server also offers a number of features that can improve performance and scalability.

In my personal experience, in a REAL database, I'd say a million records is what I'd consider max, but it depends on the size of each record. My OrderDetailT table, which literally only has the OrderID and the CourseID in it, has almost 800,000 records, and the file size is only 38 MB.

My CustomerT table has about 100,000 records in it (1/8th the size) and is 180 MB (nearly 5x larger). So "number of records" is really meaningless. It's more about file size which is the number of records times the number of fields, times the field size, etc.

The max record count is about 2 billion, because the RecordCount property that stores the record count is a long integer, which is maxed at about 2 billion.