Absolutely.  In fact that is probably the preferred method.  That way your db doesn't become huge and bloated with outdated data.

If you haven't already, go watch the Split Your Database video. (You might want to re-watch it even if you have.)

First BACK UP your db as it is right now.  <<<  VERY IMPORTANT!!

Second, make a new blank db that will be your ChangeLogData.accdb   (or you could make another copy of the current db and rename it.)  The only thing(s) you will have in that db are the tables you are tracking the changes in.  ie changes to customers, changes to orders, etc.

Third - (You did the BACKUP right?)  In the main db, you are going to delete the tables containing the changes because they are now in the other db.

Fourth - You will now need to link the tables in from the ChangeLogData into your MainDB.